Good Reason

It's okay to be wrong. It's not okay to stay wrong.

Page 69 of 126

Another political experiment

How likely are you to be a conservative? It may depend on how easily you scare.

Subjects were tested for political opinions, and categorised as liberal or conservative.

The participants were then given two laboratory tests, to establish their physiological responses to frightening or unexpected stimuli. In the first test, they viewed 33 images, three of which were distressing or threatening: a large spider on the face of a frightened person; a dazed person with a bloody face; and maggots in an open wound. The scientists measured the electrical conductance of the skin, a standard measure of distress and arousal.

In the second test, the volunteers were subjected to a loud, unexpected noise, with scientists measuring the involuntary blinking that followed. A strong startle response is indicative of heightened fear and arousal.

No points for guessing which group contained the bigger scaredy cats.

Those with “markedly lower physical sensitivity to sudden noises and threatening visual images” tended to support liberal positions, while those with strong responses tended to be more conservative.

Acting conservatively is an appropriate response to uncertain and risky situations. Conservatives know this, and therefore try to emphasise the scary side of our world. As a result, modern conservatism is a laundry list of over-stated grievances and fears intended to exploit feelings of resentment and victimhood. They’re coming for your job. Your guns. Your women. Taxes, children, bible, flag. Conservatives, then, are the ones who respond most to this fear-mongering and paranoia.

Courage, citizens.

Calm down, all of you.

The scripture of the day:

“We’re sensitive to the fluid dynamics of the campaign, but we have a game plan and a strategy,” said Mr. Obama’s campaign manager, David Plouffe. “We’re familiar with this. And I’m sure between now and Nov. 4 there will be another period of hand-wringing and bed-wetting. It comes with the territory.”

Democrats last week were in a panic over Palin, prompting the run on adult diapers that reverberated through the economy, inadvertently destroying Lehman Brothers, fomenting global warming, and hastening the eventual heat death of the universe.

I admit to indulging in a bit of the panic. One night I woke up at 3, worrying that Obama was going to lose this thing. Another night I dreamed that McCain had asked me to be his running mate. There I was thinking, “What am I doing on the Republican ticket?” (It has occurred to me since that I’d be a stronger running mate than Palin. I don’t have any foreign policy experience, but I do have a degree in International Relations.)

We Democrats do this. We fret and fume, and watch helplessly as the worst people in the world control the dialogue and capture everyone’s attention with the dumbest things. And we worry that, yet again, the scumbags will win.

And every time the polls show the race to be closer than we’d like, we get people telling us that there’s something wrong with what we’re doing. It always seems to be about… the good people. Yes, those simple humble folk who bow their heads and pray around the dinner table every night (with no fancy lettuce, mind you). They’re founts of wisdom, these common decent souls, issuing simple homilies as they hook their thumbs into their armpits and rock back and forth. And we Democrats abuse them mercilessly as we look down our urban noses at their pious ways. We’re losing… (wait for it!)… people of faith.

Here’s a prognosticator now. Scott Atran.

I’m an atheist liberal academic who strongly leans Democrat. But I’m stunned at how blind so many of my colleagues and soul mates are to the historical underpinnings of American political culture and the genuine appeal of religious conservatism for so many of our fellow citizens.

Among many Republican conservatives, one factor strongly correlates with patriotism and national security, is of even more overriding concern in daily life, and stands inseparable from love of country. Religion.

Well, it’s one thing to understand the appeal religion has for people, and quite another to be infected with it yourself. I only wish Democrats were more immune to it — they’re nowhere near as secular as Atran is suggesting.

Or this article from Jonathan Haidt. I’ve linked to him before.

When Republicans say that Democrats “just don’t get it,” this is the “it” to which they refer. Conservative positions on gays, guns, god, and immigration must be understood as means to achieve one kind of morally ordered society. When Democrats try to explain away these positions using pop psychology they err, they alienate, and they earn the label “elitist.” But how can Democrats learn to see—let alone respect—a moral order they regard as narrow-minded, racist, and dumb?

Now, how is this view different from the “Democrats need to learn some respect” meme seen here? Only in tone, not in substance. If we don’t tell the believers (you know, the ones who are trying to block certain kinds of marriage and birth control) that their views are perfectly valid and very nice, they’ll never vote with us.

As though they ever would. When did Republicans ever concede any ground to us? Now that they’re down in the popularity polls, are they abandoning parts of their social agenda? No-sirree! Are the radio hate jocks acting more conciliatory? With rare exceptions, no. Do we hear Republicans saying that they need to reach out to secular Americans and try to understand us? No, they still think we’re vermin, and they wonder whether we can have any sense of morality at all.

But that could be the point. The antagonistic approach (surprise!) doesn’t win friends. So the question Haidt, Atran, and other concern trolls pose is: Do you want to win elections or don’t you? It’s all very well for you to be right, but do you want to be president?

Well, I understand the concern. I’ve seen the disaster that political and religious fundamentalists have wrought and I’m not anxious for more. But I am not certain that it is worth winning elections at any cost, if part of that cost is abandoning rationality and sinking into the mire of fuzzy-headed spiritism. That’s an approach that’s guaranteed to make the problems we face worse, not better.

And suggesting that Democrats need to mend their ways is silly. How do conservatives magically know what individual Democrats think? How do they know your individual views? Have they asked you? Or are we just being stereotyped — again? I think the latter, and if you feel like modifying your behaviour so others won’t stereotype you, frankly you need to grow a set. If we all changed our ways tomorrow and acted like Atran, Haidt, et al wanted, how long would it take hardcore conservative fundamentalists to even notice? They haven’t yet noticed that Bush is an incompetent liar and they still think Iraq was a fine idea. The reality lag for these people is measured in geological time.

So don’t wait for them. Have your facts straight, pick your battles, and tell people (politely but firmly) when they’re wrong on factual matters. Realise that it may not be possible to be ‘right’ on moral matters — they often won’t be good at realising this — so you may need to state your values clearly, and stay open to change.

Sam Harris’s response to Haidt is my favourite:

How should we live? Is it wrong to lie? If so, why and in what sense? Which personal habits, uses of attention, modes of discourse, social institutions, economic systems, governments, etc. are most conducive to human well-being? It is widely imagined that science cannot even pose, much less answer, questions of this sort.

Jonathan Haidt appears to exult in this pessimism. He doubts that anyone can justifiably make strong, realistic claims about right and wrong, or good and evil, because he has observed that human beings tend to make moral judgments on the basis of emotion, justify these judgments with post hoc reasoning, and stick to their guns even when their post hoc reasoning demonstrably fails…. This reliable failure of human reasoning is just that—a failure of reasoning.

Haidt often writes, however, as if there were no such thing as moral high ground. At the very least, he seems to believe that science will never be able to judge higher from lower. He admonishes us to get it into our thick heads that many of our neighbors “honestly prefer the Republican vision of a moral order to the one offered by Democrats.” Yes, and many of them honestly prefer the Republican vision of cosmology, wherein it is still permissible to believe that the big bang occurred less than ten thousand years ago. These same people tend to prefer Republican doubts about biological evolution and climate change. There are names for this type of “preference,” one of the more polite being “ignorance.” What scientific purpose is served by avoiding this word at all costs?

And second is Roger Schank.

It is all very nice to come up with complex analyses of what is going on. As is often the case, the real answer is quite simple. Most people can’t think very well. They were taught not to think by religion and by a school system that teaches that knowledge of state capitals and quadratic equations is what education is all about and that well reasoned argument and original ideas will not help on a multiple choice test.

We don’t try to get the average child to think in this society so why, as adults would we expect that they actually would be thinking? They think about how the Yankees are doing, and who will win some reality show contest, and what restaurant to eat it, but they are not equipped to think about politics and, in my mind, they are not equipped to vote. The fact that we let them vote while failing to encourage them to think for themselves is a real problem for our society.

Republicans do not try to change voter’s beliefs. They go with them. Democrats appeal to reason. Big mistake.

Well, that’s pretty dark. But maybe (just maybe!) this time the good guys will win. I think so, but I’m an optimist. Obama beat the Clintons, he can beat McCain. Even if he doesn’t, you have to live with yourself more than other people do. So quit your hand-wringing and your bed-wetting. You’re already part of the community on the Web that’s waging the battle of opinions, and setting the agenda for the next Information Age, comment by intelligent well-supported comment. Take heart! Be your own freaky self. Vote.

That is all.

Zombie memes and the ‘backfire effect’

Some memes just don’t die. Okay, memes about McCain and Palin stay alive because they repeat them even after they’ve been debunked. But what about Obama being a Muslim? What about that creationist on your blog who gets slapped down every week, but who keeps coming back with the same arguments?

There’s an interesting study out of Duke University (PDF here) about how some people resist correcting bad information.

They gave some conservatives and some liberals bad information about politics, and saw how it changed their opinions. When they then gave correct information, liberals adjusted their opinions back, but never quite all the way back to their former level.

When conservatives got the facts, however, they didn’t adjust their views at all. In fact, they actually believed the wrong information more.

Details:

Political scientists Brendan Nyhan and Jason Reifler provided two groups of volunteers with the Bush administration’s prewar claims that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction. One group was given a refutation — the comprehensive 2004 Duelfer report that concluded that Iraq did not have weapons of mass destruction before the United States invaded in 2003. Thirty-four percent of conservatives told only about the Bush administration’s claims thought Iraq had hidden or destroyed its weapons before the U.S. invasion, but 64 percent of conservatives who heard both claim and refutation thought that Iraq really did have the weapons. The refutation, in other words, made the misinformation worse.

A similar “backfire effect” also influenced conservatives told about Bush administration assertions that tax cuts increase federal revenue. One group was offered a refutation by prominent economists that included current and former Bush administration officials. About 35 percent of conservatives told about the Bush claim believed it; 67 percent of those provided with both assertion and refutation believed that tax cuts increase revenue.

In a paper approaching publication, Nyhan, a PhD student at Duke University, and Reifler, at Georgia State University, suggest that Republicans might be especially prone to the backfire effect because conservatives may have more rigid views than liberals: Upon hearing a refutation, conservatives might “argue back” against the refutation in their minds, thereby strengthening their belief in the misinformation. Nyhan and Reifler did not see the same “backfire effect” when liberals were given misinformation and a refutation about the Bush administration’s stance on stem cell research.

False ideas spread quickly when people like them, and they’re incredibly difficult to quash.

Since conservatism is currently the view of choice for the most extreme reality-denying Christianists, I think it’s fair to say that religious (non-)thinking bears more than a smidgeon of the blame for this. Religious thinkers (with whom I have had many discussions) don’t change their minds easily. They think it’s good to live in a fantasy world, and anything that would dissuade them from it is actually a trick from the Crafty One. Add in all the good ol’ folks who don’t trust those fancy-pants ‘experts’ who ‘know things’ and present you with ‘facts’, and you’ve got a sizable group of conservatives.

I find this result unsurprising, but incredibly depressing. How can we have government and consensus in a country where half the people in it won’t accept accurate information, and insist on remaining delusional? And I’m not too sure about you guys in the other half, either.

Thank goodness our Democratic candidates are aware of science and reason, and aren’t trying to pander to the… the… um…


Never mind.

Those wacky Muslims

Someone’s been watching TV, and the scantily clad women are making him feel all hot and bothered.

The most senior judge in Saudi Arabia has said it is permissible to kill the owners of satellite TV channels which broadcast immoral programmes.

Sheikh Salih Ibn al-Luhaydan said some “evil” entertainment programmes aired by the channels promoted debauchery.

Dozens of satellite television channels broadcast across the Middle East, where they are watched by millions of Arabs every day.

The judge made the comments on a state radio programme.

He was speaking in response to a listener who asked his opinion on the airing of programmes featuring scantily-dressed women during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.

“There is no doubt that these programmes are a great evil, and the owners of these channels are as guilty as those who watch them,” said the sheikh.

“It is legitimate to kill those who call for corruption if their evil can not be stopped by other penalties.”

This isn’t some local imam. This is the highest ranking judge in Saudi Arabia.

This is the problem when you try and apply a bronze-age moral system to modern times. It leads to certain obvious moral contradictions. Apparently, killing people is permissible, but nudity on TV? Are you nuts? That’s just way out there!

Run, children! Run!

This ad is airing on Perth television stations on Saturday mornings, presumably in an effort to proselyte children. It features Barry Hickey, Catholic Archbishop of Perth.

There’s something deeply inappropriate about Mr Hickey taking his mythology directly to kids on their Saturday morning TV. In fact, I think this goes beyond inappropriate and leans toward sinister. By pushing the notion of god to young viewers, he’s actually promoting a toxic ideology that renders some people incapable of reason, and enriches the coffers of people like himself.

Maybe this isn’t the worst message you’ve ever seen on TV. Maybe you even think that it’s nice for Mr Hickey to spread a message about happiness. (On the other hand, you might think, as I do, that it’s creepy as hell. You might even have nightmares about someone who is dressed a lot like Mr Hickey.) But consider that if you want to poison an animal, you have to conceal the poison in some kind of food that the animal will like. First, you get the soft, fluffy talk about happiness and being truthful. Who could argue with that? Then, they deliver the ‘god payload’. Now the link between ‘kindness’ and ‘god’ is made. No wonder some people think you can’t be moral without religion.

I guess this is just another reason that parents need to be aware of their children’s viewing habits and be able to discuss what they see on TV. Perth stations need to explain why they think it’s all right for the Catholic Church to market their services to children.

Muslim school unwelcome, Catholics are fine

You may remember the story of Camden NSW, and how the residents opposed an Islamic school.

I think religious schools are a horrible idea because schools should be promoting education, not promoting the myths of a religious community. And I’d hate to see the public educational system undermined because religions are funding a separate system that pulls students away. (Not that I’m one to talk — my kids go to a Steiner school that I pay for.)

Of course, this situation’s a little complicated. Mainstream Christian religions do a lot with education in Australia, the schools tend to be of high quality, and in most cases the religion is toned down. And it always seemed to me that the Camden protests were based on racism and xenophobia rather than on secular principles. Call me crazy.

The heads of two pigs have been found on stakes at the site of a proposed Islamic school in Sydney’s south-west.

About 6am today, police were called to the site, on Cawdor Road, Camden, where they found the animal remains and a number of other items, a police spokesman said.

The pig heads had been “elevated off the ground” using stakes, he said.

An Australian flag was also strung up between the stakes, according to AAP.

Maybe they were suggesting that the school should study Lord of the Flies.

Well, last week those same Camden folks actually approved a Catholic school.

The Camden residents’ group that fought a Muslim society’s proposal for a school in rural Camden has welcomed a Catholic organisation’s plans to build a school nearby because “Catholics are part of our community”.

The president of the Camden/Macarthur Residents’ Group, Emil Sremchevich, said the Catholic school plan “ticked all the right boxes”, even though he is yet to see its development application.

“Catholics are part of our community so we should be supporting it on this basis alone. We have to welcome them,” Mr Sremchevich told the Herald. “To become part of a community, you need to live in the community. You can’t just turn up.”

Hmmm. ‘Sremchevich’. That’s a funny name. Y’ain’t from around here, are ya?

The Quranic Society said Mr Sremchevich’s comments were racist but he rejected that tag. “Why is that racist? Why is it discriminatory? It’s very simple: people like some things but don’t like other things. Some of us like blondes, some of us like brunettes. Some of us like Fords, some of us like Holdens. Why is it xenophobic just because I want to make a choice? If I want to like some people and not like other people, that’s the nature of the beast.”

He answered his own question. When people make choices that discriminate against people because of race, we call them racists.

It’s reasonable to oppose religious education, especially where this involves the indoctrination of children. But there’s no basis for these people embracing one religious school over another, except their own revolting bias.

McCain for hugs

A discussion in the NYT about when to hug one’s political allies.

When Senator John McCain, the Republican presidential nominee, came out on stage to congratulate his running mate, Gov. Sarah Palin of Alaska, after her acceptance speech at the Republican National Convention in St. Paul last week, he gave her a hug, not a handshake. Ms. Palin got another hug at a rally here outside Kansas City on Monday.

It has been nearly a quarter century since Walter F. Mondale almost never touched Geraldine A. Ferraro in public when they shared the Democratic presidential ticket in 1984, and it is safe to say that times have changed. Back then, Mr. Mondale had a strict “hands off” policy and did not even put his palm on Ms. Ferraro’s back when the two stood side-by-side and waved with uplifted arms.

But the second mixed-sex major-party presidential ticket in American history has nonetheless raised 21st-century questions about etiquette, body language and who hugs first. (Mr. McCain was right to initiate the hugging as Ms. Palin’s hierarchical superior, an etiquette expert said.)

Hugging someone you work with is a touchy area, it would seem. But it needn’t be that way. Come on, John. Show us how it’s done.

Atta boy.

Okay, that’s enough. Cut it out. Geez.

Biden pro-life. Hmm.

I seem to be obsessed with VPs lately.

Senator Joseph R. Biden Jr., the Democratic nominee for vice president, departed Sunday from party doctrine on abortion rights, declaring that as a Catholic, he believes life begins at conception.

Now I know secular folk are in the minority in America. And I suppose Mr Biden can think what he likes about when life begins. But cheese it, people, when will we start addressing issues in an empirical way? The superstition thing is killing us.

Bet it’s a Palin thing.

While Mr. Biden’s views may not be new to Democrats in his circle, his comments, in an interview on “Meet the Press” on NBC, came at a time when his party is confronted with a new face: Gov. Sarah Palin, the Republican vice-presidential nominee, whose anti-abortion stance and decision to give birth just five months ago to a baby with Down syndrome have revved up the conservative base of her party.

Is this some kind of tactic? Or is Biden just saying what he thinks?

It looks like a smart move at first. Palin’s pro-life, so bring out pro-life Biden to minimise the difference. Pull off some pro-life votes. Obama’s holding on to the pro-choice vote over there, so no problem.

It’s a dumb move for two reasons. One, appealing to evangelical Christians is stupid because they aren’t going to vote for a Democrat, and certainly not a Catholic Democrat. Second, most people poll up as pro-choice, and have for decades. Why shift the window toward the anti-choice side, when it’s a position that’s not empirically grounded, repressive, and unpopular? Pro-lifers won’t be happy to simply ban abortion. They’re already calling for the abolition of certain kinds of birth control. Why cede any ground their way at all?

I could forgive Biden if he’d simply strayed off-message, but if this is a tactic, it’s a lousy one.

Chickens and roosts etc., but worded more coarsely.

I must say, I’m enjoying this part of the election cycle. The Republicans just can’t stop stepping in it lately, can they? And I think the reasons for this have their roots in three great vices of the Bush Administration: incompetence, mendacity, and faith.

Bush made a lot of, if you’ll excuse me, fuck-ups. What’s worse, by trying to (keep excusing me throughout this post) spin his fuck-ups as positives — and by believing it — he made it impossible to learn from his fuck-ups and correct them.

Now McCain, and along with him the entire Republican Party, is following along the Bush template:

1. Fuck shit up.
2. Claim your fuck-ups are not fuck-ups.
3. Have faith that everything is okay.
4. Don’t learn from your mistakes. Repeat.

Now it’s okay to fuck up once in a while, as long as you learn from your fuck-ups. If you’re a political party, you can still fuck up quite a bit, as long as you’re good at blaming the other party for your fuck-ups, and (importantly) your fuck-ups don’t actually impede the workings of your own party.

But the GOP is now past that point. The extent of the fucking up is now finally affecting them. For example, McCain could admit that Palin was a bad choice for Veep. But he can’t, because

a) he can’t admit he was wrong, and
b) other people think he’s right, especially
– evangelical Christians, who do their best to live in a fantasy world, and
– the wingnut echo chamber, who always gets everything wrong.

So now it seems, the Republican Party has been fucking up things for so long that they no longer remember how not to fuck up things. When they fuck up, they tell themselves that things are great. This decreases the chances that they’ll notice their fuck-ups, fix their fuck-ups, and quit fucking the fuck up.

What I think we’re seeing here with the Palin nomination is the GOP imploding into a big sloppy pile of fuck-up.

Reality. If you ignore it, sooner or later it bites you in the ass.

It’s not easy being crucified…

From the world of art:

An Italian museum on Thursday defied Pope Benedict and refused to remove a modern art sculpture portraying a crucified green frog holding a beer mug and an egg that the Vatican had condemned as blasphemous.

The board of the Museion museum in the northern city of Bolzano decided by a majority vote that the frog was a work of art and would stay in place for the remainder of an exhibition.

Great news. Now can we please use these skills the next time there’s a work of art that offends Muslims?

The Vatican wrote a letter of support in the pope’s name to Franz Pahl, president of the regional government who opposed the sculpture. Pahl released parts of the letter, which said the work “wounds the religious sentiments of so many people who see in the cross the symbol of God’s love“.

In other words, he thinks his ideas are so important that everyone else should tiptoe around them to save his feelings.

Then he holds his breath and turns blue.

Pahl, whose province is heavily Catholic, was so outraged by the sculpture of the pop-eyed amphibian that he went on a hunger strike to demand its removal and had to be taken to hospital during the summer.

I hope he’s okay now. At least he only tried to harm himself rather than others, so props for that. But he (and everyone) needs to realise that it’s not okay for his ideas (or mine, or anyone’s) to be exempted from satire, scrutiny, or even criticism and mockery.

“Art must always be free and the artist should not have any restrictions on freedom of expression,” Claudio Strinati, a superintendent for Rome’s state museums, told an Italian newspaper on Thursday.

Most encouraging.

« Older posts Newer posts »

© 2026 Good Reason

Theme by Anders NorenUp ↑